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spoils at Triparadisus in 321 B.C. As a consequence of this meeting, Seleucus was given the satrapy of Babylon. |
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Another of the Diadochi, however, Antigonus Cyclops, moved to assume control over the whole of the Asian empire, and Seleucus fled to Egypt and joined forces with Ptolemy. In the ensuing war with Ptolemy, Antigonus was defeated at Gaza in 312 B.C. |
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Seleucus returned to Babylon in triumph, and re-entered on 1 October 312 B.C., which date was set as the origin of the Seleucid dynasty and the beginning of the Seleucid Era, as used in Syria for chronological purposes. In Babylonia, the Seleucid Era was reckoned as starting on 1 Nisan (3 April 311 B.C.), the Babylonian New Year Day. |
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Although Alexander's personal empire fell apart immediately after his death, the unification of the area from Greece to India had the cultural effect of introducing Hellenistic influences to the Near East and India. The Chaldean, Egyptian, Jewish, and Indian cultures were all influenced, and Greek culture was in turn opened to influence from these areas. |
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The Saha and Lahiri text (p. 177) supplies a table showing the explicit cross-links between the months of four different calendars, shown in Table 9.23. |
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The Macedonian month names were used without change by the Parthians, the early Sakas, and the Kushana in India, according to Saha and Lahiri; Saka and Kushan practice in the first century B.C. and after was to use the Macedonian or Indian names alternatively (p. 177). |
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Macedonia did not rise to a position of political importance again. In 167 B.C., Rome divided the area into four free districts and made Macedonia a senatorial province in 148 B.C. after an abortive attempt by the inhabitants to restore monarchy. |
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9.7.4.1.2. 9.7.4.1.4
Code on CD-ROM |
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See the SCDTL text on the CD for the discussion of the code. |
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This section discusses the Syrian calendar of the Seleucid dynasty. |
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This section discusses the structural details of the Syrian calendar and introduces historical material as background. |
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9.7.4.2.1.1
Structural Details |
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Structurally, the Syrian calendar is a calendar of the Julian class. It consists of 12 months arranged in a characteristic pattern, establishes a year of 365 days, and adds an intercalary day at the end of the fifth month. The leap year rule is a Julian rule, adding an intercalary day every four years, starting with the third year of the cycle. |
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