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Intercalary
Adjective pertaining to days or months inserted into a calendar, typically in order to bring the calendar year into closer synchronization with the solar year. As used in SCDTL, the term epagomenal, which is commonly a synonym for intercalary, is used in its technical sense to mean appended at the end of a period, while intercalary specifically refers to time units inserted in the body of a period, not at the end. |
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International Atomic Time (TAI)
A continuous time scale which is the product of analyses of several atomic time standards by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. |
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ISO
Abbreviation for International Standards Organization. |
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JD0
In SCDTL parlance, the Julian Day number with the fractional part assumed to be, or treated as, zero. This definition is the equivalent of the assumption of noon as the time of day. This convention is used for calendar calculations in general, where the day is the smallest unit of concern. |
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JD#
Abbreviation for the Julian Day number. |
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Julian
The calendar instituted in 46 B.C by Julius Caesar, who sought the advice of the Egyptian astronomer Sosigenes in order to correct the badly flawed Roman calendar. This calendar was adopted by the Roman Church for its ecclesiastical functions and thus became the default standard calendar for Western civilization. |
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Julian calendar
The Roman calendar that was instituted by Julius Caesar in 45 B.C. and operated with regularity after A.D. 8. |
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Julian century
A time period of 36,525 days. |
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Julian Day number
The number that sequentially counts days, beginning with the epoch of Greenwich mean noon on 1 January 4713 B.C., defined as JD# 0.0 . |
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Kallippic cycle
An improved Metonic cycle, invented by the Greek astronomer Kallippus, which subtracted one day at the end of four Metonic cycles of 19 years, hence a period of 76 years. Also called Callippic. |
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Lacticinia
The term originally refers to milk and foods made from milk, such as cheese and butter, which were forbidden on fast days by the early Church. Meat and eggs were also prohibited, resulting in an effective ban on protein consumption. This prohibition figures in certain customs surrounding Lent. A more detailed discussion of the role of protein in medieval society is found in White (Medieval Technology and Social Change), Section III of Chapter II, "The Three-Field Rotation and Improved Nutrition." |
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